2023年职称英语考试理工试题完形填空训练
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Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures
The vultures in question1 may look ugly and threatening, but the sudden sharp____1____ in three species of India’s vultures is producing alarm rather than2 celebration, and it presents the world with a new kind of environmental____2____. The dramatic decline in vulture numbers is causing widespread disruption to people living in the same areas as the____3____. It is also causing serious public health problems____4____ the Indian sub-continent.3
While4 their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians, vultures have____5____ played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India clean. It is____6____ they feed on dead cows. In India, cows are sacred animals and are____7____ left in the open6 when they die in their thousands upon thousands5 every year.
The disappearance of the vultures has____8____ an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals. There are fears that rabies may____9____ as a result7. And this terrifying disease may ultimately affect humans in the region, since wild dogs are its main carriers. Rabies could also spread to other animal species, causing an even greater problem in the____10____.
The need for action is____11____, so an emergency project has been launched to____12____ a solution to this serious vulture problem. Scientists are trying to identify the disease causing the birds’ deaths and, if possible, develop a cure.
Large-scale vulture____13____ were first noticed at the end of the 1980s in India. A population survey at that time showed that the three species of vultures had declined____14____ over 90 per cent. All three species are now listed as “critically endangered”8. As most vultures lay only single eggs and____15____ about five years to reach maturity, reversing their population decline will be a long and difficult exercise.
词汇：
vulture / 'v?lt?? / n.秃鹰
species / 'spi??i?z / n.物种，种类
disruption / d?s'r?p??n / n.破坏，毁坏
rabies / 're?bi?z / n.狂犬症
ultimately / '?lt?m?tl? / adv.最终地
endanger / ?n'de?nd?? / v.危及，濒危
maturity / m?'tj??r?t? / n.成熟期
注释：
1.The vulture in question：讨论中的秀鹰问题。in question意为“讨论中的，考虑中的”。
2.rather than：而不是。例：Your proposal is positive rather than negative.你的提议是积极的，而不是消极的。
3.the Indian sub-continent：印度次大陆
4.while：虽然。例：While he has published many papers, he is modest.虽然他发表了多篇论文，他还是很谦虚。
5.thousands upon thousands：成千上万的
6.in the open：在户外，在野外
7.as a result：结果
8.listed as “critically endangered”：被列为极度濒危动物
练习：
1.A decline B rise C teeth D eyes
2.A benefit B debate C problem D solution
3.A plants B birds C humans D cows
4.A over B with C through D across
5.A sometimes B long C suddenly D hardly
6.A who B when C because D where
7.A traditionally B occasionally C possibly D finally
8.A came from B adjusted to C resulted from D led to
9.A drop B increase C disappear D change
10.A future B past C villages D mountains
11.A recent B urgent C frequent D rare
12.A neglect B use C remove D find
13.A cures B arrivals C deaths D journeys
14.A along B on C in D by
15.A take B adopt C consume D waste
答案与题解：
1.A 通篇文章都在叙述秃鹰濒临灭种对印度环境的负面影响，而且文章的标题中的“dying vultures”也提供了线索。decline符合上下文的意思，是答案。rise与上下文的意思相反。sharp teeth和sharp eyes是秃鹰的特点，但文章并未提及。
2.C 秃鹰濒临灭亡，给环境带来问题。上一句的“alarm rather than celebration”提供了解题的线索，秃鹰濒临灭亡对我们是一种警告，而不是一件值得庆贺的事。选problem是合适的。至于debate和solution，文章并未涉及。
3.B 秃鹰数量的减少对当地居民是一种灾难。此外，对谁也是一种灾难呢?as引出的对象是谁呢?这个对象不会是humans，plants或cows。答案是birds。
4.D 作者原来的用词一定是across the Indian sub-continent整个印度次大陆，不可能是over the Indian sub-continent在印度次大陆上空，with the Indian sub-continent与印度次大陆一起或through the Indian sub-continent穿越印度次大陆。
5.B 本段前面的句子描述了秃鹰在保护该地区的环境上作用很大，所以秃鹰不会是时有时无sometimes地起作用，或突然地suddenly起作用，或几乎不hardly起作用。只有选long长期以来一直起作用才合乎上下文的意思。
6.C 为什么秃鹰会起保护环境的作用呢?本段的下半段说出了其中的原因。牛在印度被视为神物，死后露尸户外，任其腐烂。秃鹰以食牛的尸体为生，同时也清除了污染源，保护了城镇和乡村的环境。这些句子讲的是原因，所以选择because是对的。
7.A 文章说每年有成千上万头牛死亡并露尸城镇和乡村。既然是这样，就不会是偶尔occasionally或可能possibly或最终finally露尸在城镇和乡村。露尸户外是印度的传统，所以traditionally是答案。
8.D 本段第一句表达的是因果关系。The disappearance of the vultures是因，an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals是果。四个选项中只有led to导致能表达这种因果关系，所以led to是答案。
9.B 野狗是狂犬病菌的主要携带者，野狗大量的出现当然会增加狂犬病扩散的危险性，而不是相反。所以选increase是正确的，而drop是increase的反义词，不会是答案。change或disappear都脱离了上下文的意思，所以不是答案。
10.A 狂犬病从野狗传到人身上已经非常可怕，如果再传到其他动物身上问题就更严重了。四个选项中，选future构成词组in the fiiture在未来符合上下文的意思。
11.B 从后面的”an emergency project has been launched启动了应急项目”可以推断出要选的形容词是urgent紧迫的。
12.D 启动应急项目是为了找到一个解决的办法。neglect a solution, use a solution或remove a solution显然不符合上下文的意思。find是答案。
13.C 本段说秃鹰的数量急剧减少，已被列为濒危物种。本题的选项cures治疗法、aniyals到达或journeys旅程与本段后面一句“All three species are now listed as ‘ critically endangered’”所表达的意思接不上。选deaths，全段的意思就连贯了。因此，deaths是答案。
14.D 在四个选项中，along，on，in明显不合适。by有“到某事物的程度”的意思。“... the three species of vultures had declined by over 90 per cent”的意思是“三种秀鹰的数量减少了90%以上”。
15.A “花费或用多少时间”英语的常用的表达法是“take... days/months, etc.”。选take是正确的。其他三个选项都不合适。
