托福写作其它名人事例

　 Oprah Gail Winfrey (born January 29, 1954) is an American media personality, actress, television producer, literary critic and magazine publisher, best known for her self-titled, multi-award winning talk show, which has become the highest-rated program of its kind in history. She has been ranked the richest African American of the 20th century,the first African American to be one of America"s top philanthropists, and was once the world"s only black billionaire. She is also, according to some assessments, the most influential woman in the world.

　 Winfrey was born into poverty in rural Mississippi to a teenage single mother and later raised in an inner-city Milwaukee neighborhood. She experienced considerable hardship during her childhood, including being raped at the age of nine and becoming pregnant at 14; her son died in infancy. Sent to live with the man she calls her father, a barber in Tennessee, Winfrey landed a job in radio while still in high school and began co-anchoring the local evening news at the age of 19. Her emotional ad-lib delivery eventually got her transferred to the daytime talk

　show arena, and after boosting a third-rated local Chicago talk show to first place, she launched her own production company and became internationally syndicated.

　 Credited with creating a more intimate confessional form of media communication, she is thought to have popularized and revolutionized the tabloid talk show genre pioneered by Phil Donahue, which a Yale study claims broke 20th century taboos and allowed LGBT people to enter the mainstream. By the mid 1990s she had reinvented her show with a focus on literature, self-improvement, and spirituality. Though criticized for unleashing confession culture and promoting controversial self-help fads, she is generally admired for overcoming adversity to become a benefactor to others. In 2006 she became an early supporter of Barack Obama and one analysis estimates she delivered over a million votes in the close 2008 Democratic primary race, an achievement for which the governor of Illinois considered offering her a seat in the U.S. senate……

　 奥普拉温弗里，

　写作素材之― 杂交水稻之父‖ 袁隆平 对于袁隆平在杂交水稻方面所取得的成就以及取得这些成就的原因都进行了详细的介绍，

　袁隆平(1930-) ，农学家、杂交水稻育种专家。1953 年西南农学院农学系毕业。历任研究员、湖南杂交水稻研究中心主任、湖南农科院名誉院长、国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心主任，1995 年当选为中国工程院院士。

　 袁隆平长期从事杂交水稻育种理论研究和制种技术实践。1964 年首先提出培育― 不育系、保持系、恢复系‖ 三系法利用水稻杂种优势的设想并进行科学实验。1970 年，与其助手李必湖和冯克珊在海南发现一株花粉败育的雄性不育野生稻，成为突破― 三系‖ 配套的关键。1972 年育成中国第一个大面积应用的水稻雄性不育系― 二九南一号 A‖ 和相应的保持系― 二九南一号 B‖ ，次年育成了第一个大面积推广的强优组合― 南优二号‖ ，并研究出整套制种技术。1986 年提出杂交水稻育种分为― 三系法品种间杂种优势利用、两系法亚种间杂种优势利用到一 系法远缘杂种优势利用‖ 的战略设想。被同行们誉为― 杂交水稻之父‖

　 Key words ：agriculturist father of hybrid rice

　 Yuan Longping(1930-)

　"I saw rice plants as tall as Chinese sorghum,‖ said Yuan Longping of a dream he once had, ―each ear of rice as big as a broom and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut. I could hide in the shadow of the rice crops with a friend." Born into a poor farmer"s family in 1931 and a graduate from the Southwest Agriculture Institute in 1953, Yuan began his teaching career at an agriculture school in Anjiang, Hunan Province.

　 He came up with an idea for hybridizing rice in the 1960s, when a series of natural disasters and inappropriate policies had plunged China into an unprecedented famine that caused many deaths. Since then, he has devoted himself to the research and development of a better rice breed. In 1964, he happened to find a natural hybrid rice plant that had obvious advantages over others. Greatly encouraged, he began to study the elements of this particular type. In 1973, in cooperation with others, he was able to cultivate a type of hybrid rice species which had great advantages. It yielded 20 percent more per unit than that of common ones.

　The next year their research made a breakthrough in seeding. They successfully developed a set of technologies for producing indica (long-grained non-glutinous) rice, putting China in the lead worldwide in rice production. For this achievement, he was dubbed the "Father of Hybrid Rice."

　 In 1979, their technique for hybrid rice was introduced into the United States, the first case of intellectual property rights transfer in the history of new China.

　写作素材之莱特兄弟 莱特兄弟发明飞机的过程，在这个过程中遇到的困难和解决的途径等信息。这是一个非常经典的关于成功和科技方面的例子，下面我们一起来看看莱特兄弟的信息吧。

　 莱特兄弟

　 Key words: inventor

　 The Wright Brothers (Wilbur and Orville)

　Aviation pioneers, inventors. Wilbur was born near Millville, Indiana, and Orville (1871--1958) was born in Dayton, Ohio. The sons of a minister of the United Brethren Church, the Wright brothers showed mechanical genius from boyhood, although neither graduated from high school.

　 In 1892 they opened a bicycle sales and repair shop in Dayton and soon were making and selling their own bicycles. Reading about experiments with gliders spurred their interest in flight, and they built their first glider in 1899, a biplane kite with wings that could be twisted mechanically.

　 The brothers made their first trip to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina in 1900 to conduct glider experiments on the sand hills there.

　 Back in Dayton they built the first wind tunnel and prepared their own tables of lift-pressures for various wing surfaces and wind speeds. They also built a powerful four-cylinder engine and an efficient propeller, and in September 1903 they returned to Kitty Hawk. Bad weather delayed the testing of this aircraft until December 17, 1903,

　when Orville piloted it on a flight of 12 seconds and 120 feet; Wilbur flew later in the day, staying aloft for 59 seconds to cover 852 feet.

　 The brothers built two sturdier, more reliable planes over the next two years and in 1906 received a U.S. patent for a powered aircraft. Initially they sold their plane to the British and French governments, but in 1908 the U.S. War Department contracted for a Wright flying machine for the army. In 1909 they formed the American Wright Company and proceeded to manufacture their improved planes and to train pilots.

　 Wilbur, a bachelor as was his brother, died of typhoid in May 1912. In 1915, Orville - who had continued to test fly all his planes - retired from the aircraft manufacturing business to pursue his own research interests. During World I he accepted a commission as a major to serve as a consultant to the army air service and he served for many years on the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.

　莱特兄弟是美国飞机发明家，航空先驱者。1903 年成功地进行了第一架可操纵的动力飞机的持续飞行，1905 年制造和飞行了第一架实用的飞机。

　 1867 年 年 4 月 月 16 日，维尔伯· 赖特出生于印第安纳米尔维。

　尔。1871 年 年 8 月 月 19 日，奥维尔· 赖特出生于美国俄亥俄代顿。主教之子。早年主要靠自学设计和制造印刷机械和自行车。维尔受 伯产生动力飞行的想法是受 O. 利林塔尔的影响。通过观察鹰在空中保持平衡的情况，1899 年维尔伯认识到飞机要能飞行，必绕 须能绕 3 个轴转动 即能向两侧倾斜，能升降，能向左右转弯。1899 年莱特兄弟制造第一架双翼机时安装了机械扭曲机翼，即在一侧机翼升力增加的同时，另一侧机翼升力减小，由此操纵飞机压坡度转弯或由滚转改为平飞。他们的功绩除了完成有动力的绕 飞机飞行外，绕 3 个轴操纵飞机是他们对空气动力学和飞行方面的主要贡献。

　 为了实现动力飞行，他们决定先掌握滑翔飞行技术。1900 年 年—— 1902 年制造 3 架双翼滑翔机并作了飞行。最后一架滑翔机有升降舵、方向舵和扭曲机翼。他们制造滑翔机时进行了大量理论工作和实验工作，包括风洞试验。他们还设计和制造 了实现动力飞行所必需的螺旋桨和轻型发动机。

　 1903 年人类历史上第一架有动力装置的飞机― 飞行家‖1 号制造成功，12 月 月 17 日凌晨该机从平地起飞。第一次飞行 12

　次 秒，最后一次 59 秒，飞行距离 260 米。1904 年 年― 飞行家‖2 号飞行成功。

　 1905 年制造的― 飞行家‖3 号是世界上第一架实用的飞机，和 能转弯、倾斜、做圆圈飞行和 8 字飞行，续航时间超过半小时。1905 年 年 10 月 月 16 日至 1908 年 年 5 月 月 6 日，因财政拮据，莱特兄弟未进行过一次飞行。1908 年维尔伯在法国作飞行表演，5 个月行 内飞行 100 多次，总飞行时间超过 25 小时，其中约 60 次 次有 带乘客飞行，有 7 次飞行时间超过 1 小时，最后一次飞行时间达 达 2 小时 20 分。

　 与此同时奥维尔也在美国作轰动一时的表演飞行，并为美国陆军制造了世界上第一架军用飞机。1909 年之前，世界航空可说在莱特兄弟统治之下，他们同时在欧洲和美国制造飞机。

　 投资者罗斯· 佩罗

　 Ross Perot(1930-)

　 Ross Perot, born in 1930, American business executive, philanthropist, and independent candidate for the United States presidency in 1992. Henry Ross Perot was born in Texarkana, Texas. In 1953 he graduated from the United States Naval Academy. Perot did not excel scholastically at the academy. However, fellow students

　elected him best all-around midshipman and class president for life. Perot served in the Navy at sea from 1953 to 1957.

　 Upon receiving his discharge from the Navy, Perot worked in Dallas, Texas, as a computer salesman for International Business Machines Corporation (IBM). In 1962, after meeting his annual quota for computer sales in the first three weeks of January, Perot left IBM to start an electronic data processing business, Electronic Data Systems (EDS). Through the 1960s, he built his business by serving the vast data processing needs of medical insurance companies.

　 In 1968 Perot profited enormously when EDS stock began to trade publicly. In 1984 Perot sold the company to General Motors (GM) for $2.5 billion and secured a seat on GM"s board of directors. Differences with GM executives led to his departure from the board two years later. In 1988 Perot launched a new data processing service company, Perot Systems Corporation.

　 A self-avowed patriot, Perot received substantial media attention in 1969 when he attempted to deliver food,

　medicine, mail, and clothing to United States prisoners of war in Vietnam. In 1979 he organized a dramatic commando rescue of two EDS employees jailed in Iran after that country"s revolution, further burnishing his reputation as a man of action. Perot cemented this reputation when he declared his availability for the presidency on Larry King Live, a television talk show, in 1992. At that time, Perot expressed his dissatisfaction with the performance of the Republican and Democratic parties on issues such as the federal deficit, reform of term limits for members of Congress, and campaign finance reform.

　 Perot accused the two major political parties of pandering to the American people and refusing to ask citizens to make difficult choices necessary to move forward on the major issues of the day. He presented his own economic plan, in a series of paid, 30-minute ―infomercials‖ on television. The plan proposed to deal with the problem of the national budget deficit by sharply increasing gasoline taxes, increasing taxes on benefits of wealthier Social Security recipients, and limiting deductions for mortgage interest.

　Key words: business executive philanthropist independent candidate

　 罗斯· 佩罗(1930-)

　 道 这个人一开始压根儿不知道 IBM 是什么，却很快成为 IBM 在美国西部销售额最高的人; 这个人并不倾心于计算机本身，却在 在 60 年代初富有远见地创办了 EDS—— 全球最大的计算机服务公司; 这个从小为了多挣一分钱而绞尽脑汁的人，却一下子成了 了80 年代IT 业最富有的人之一; 在乔布斯被赶出苹果落魄之际，建 是他慷慨解囊投资创建 NEXT 。他还是一个人人皆知的爱国主义者，象《第一滴血》中的兰博一样，他亲自带领一个营救队去营名 救关押在伊朗的两名 EDS 人质; 这还不算，1992 年，正当共和党的布什和民主党的克林顿为总统席位角逐时，他打破了美国建国以来的传统历史，如同一匹黑马，代表 无党派人士参加竞选。到 结果他的声威节节上升，民意调查的支持率一度达到 19% ，几乎与布什、克林顿并驾齐驱……

　 这个人就是罗斯· 佩罗，他以自己的经历精彩地证明了这套人生哲学。

　关于孔子的，供大家参考。

　Key words: philosophy poor childhood ancient China

　 Confucius(circa 551-479 BC)

　 One of the most famous people in ancient China was a wise philosopher named Confucius. He sometimes went by the names Kong Zi though he was born - Kong Qiu - styled Zhong Ni. He was born in the village of Zou in the country of Lu.

　 This Chinese man was a well-known leader in philosophy and he also made many wise phrases and theories about the law, life, and the government. Confucius is famous for his philosophy because he made many wise sayings in ancient China that helped many people learn about nature, the world, and the human behavior. He also helped the government and the emperor by teaching them lessons on how the emperor should rule his kingdom successfully.

　 Confucius was born in a poor family in the year 551 B.C., and he was born in the state of Lu. His original name was K"ung Ch"iu. His father, commander of a district in Lu, died three years after Confucius was born, leaving the

　family in poverty; but Confucius nevertheless received a fine education. He was married at the age of 19 and had one son and two daughters.

　 He worked as a keeper of a market. Then he was a farm worker who took care of parks and farm animals. When he was 20, he worked for the governor of his district.

　 思想家孔子(前 前 551—前 前 479)

　 孔子，名丘，字仲尼。鲁国陬邑( 今山东曲阜东南) 人。先世是宋国贵族，避难迁鲁。他出生时，家世已经没落。年轻 时做过季孙氏的委吏( 管仓库) 和乘田( 管繁殖牲口) 等。三十多岁到齐国，几年没有得到齐君的重用，又回到鲁国，聚徒讲学。五十多岁时，由鲁国中都宰( 都城行政长官) 升任司寇( 掌管刑狱、纠察等事)。

　。后又曾周游宋、卫、蔡、齐、楚等国。晚年在鲁国编订古代文化典籍《诗》《尚书》《春秋》等，教授门徒。孔子的弟子曾将他的谈话和他与门徒的问答，辑成《论语》一书，这是研究孔子思想的主要资料。

　高分素材之印象派画家莫奈

　主要内容是讨论了法国著名印象派画家莫奈的主要画作，这些画作的特点和这些画作的创作过程。

　莫奈(1840 ～1926)

　 Edouard Manet(1840 ～1926)

　 Manet was born on January 23, 1832 in Paris. He is often identified with the "Impressionists," and was influenced by them. However, because of the Paris art world"s generally hostile regard for "Impressionism," he chose not to exhibit with them. He preferred to show his work in the more conservative exhibitions sponsored by the French government.

　 Manet learned to paint in the traditional style, but his work became more spontaneous after his exposure to Claude Monet and the other "Impressionists." He used expressive outline, severe lighting contrasts, bold color and rich texture to portray the world around him.

　 Manet scandalized the people of Paris with a number of works containing nudes painted in bold poses with direct, outward gazes. While it was popular during his time to paint scenes from the Bible and ancient history, Manet painted scenes from 19th Century history, including one

　work featuring the execution of Emperor Maximillian of Mexico in 1867.

　 Key words: painter impressionists

　 克劳德· 莫奈是印象派最具代表性的大画家。19 世纪末到20 世纪初流行于欧洲各国的印象派，注重人对生活的感觉和印象，主张到大自然中，尊重自然和人的感觉印象，影响力极为深远。

　 印象主义画家吸取当时科学上的光学理论，认为色是在光的照射下而产生的，在不同时间、环境、气候等客观条件下，受不同光的支配而有各种不同色彩。他们通过写生，发现过去长期不被注意的色彩现象，从而在绘画色彩上引起了重大的革新。例如，过去一般认为草是绿色的，但是如果眺望远方的原野，草却不是绿色，而是青色，如。

　果在晚霞照射下看草，就成为红色或灰色。

　 我们欣赏莫奈的油画连作― 麦草堆‖、 、 ― 白杨木‖、 、 ― 浮翁大教堂‖ 等，最能看出这种特征。他对同一主题反复在一天中的不同时间写生描绘，画出不同的光景与气氛，显出光与色的高明度及鲜明感，交织成光与色彩的华丽交响乐，创作了印象派的颠峰之作。

　 莫奈一生遗留五百件素描，两干多幅油画，两干七百封信件。八十六年的生涯，生命力旺盛，创作量庞大。他的足迹从巴黎大

　街到地中海岸，从法国到伦敦、威尼斯、挪威，经常在各地旅行写生，全力以赴地作风景画。莫奈从早期就迷恋表达阳光，他一生的精力 ，主要用在表现外光的探索上，一幅幅画作，对外光和空气氛围作了淋漓尽致的描绘。而随着印象派诞生一百多年来受人们的喜爱，莫奈成为享誉非常长久的画家。他画中的各种风景、光波粼粼的水景、花开的原野、浸淫在阳光下行乐度假的人们，吸引无数人的欣赏、惊叹与灵感。莫奈画作的群众魅力，深刻印证了艺术的永恒与人类的文化亲和力。

　关于艺术和个人成就以及成功类的 Born Sofia Scicolone, on Sept. 20, 1934, in Rome. An illegitimate child of Romilda Villani and Riccardo Scicolone, she grew up in dire poverty, in the slums of Pozzuoli, just outside Naples during wartime.

　Her mother, a frustrated actress, instilled starring aspirations in the skinny little Sofia (she was nicknamed Stechetto--the stick--at the time).

　Her first taste of glamour came at fourteen when she was crowned one of twelve "Princesses of the Sea" in a beauty contest ---- an honor for which she earned a railroad ticket to Rome, and 23,000 lira (about $35).

　Sofia met producer and future husband Carlo Ponti while competing in another beauty contest. Though she placed second, Ponti gave her a screen test and he advanced her career in a succession of low-budget Italian productions.

　Sofia Lazzaro, as she was then known, became Sophia Loren in 1952. Sophia then came to Hollywood. She signed a contract with Paramount for her first English-speaking role. Once on the set, she fell in love with her co-star Cary Grant. Though she had been involved romantically with Carlo Ponti (he was married with two children) from the age of eighteen, Sophia had suffered through years of frustration while he attempted to obtain an annulment from the church.

　Loren and Ponti, 24 years her senior, were married in 1957, following his Mexican divorce from his estranged wife. In 1961 she received an Academy Award for "La Ciociara" ("Two Women").

　This beautiful lady then became one of the major sex symbol of the sixties, competing with Marilyn Monroe, Brigitte Bardot and Jane Fonda.

　Unfortunately the Italian law did not recognize the divorce and charged them with bigamy. They were forced to have their marriage annulled in 1962, and after four more years of frustration turned in their Italian passports and became citizens of France, where they were finally legally married in 1966.

　Sophia gained wider respect with her later movies like "Cassandra Crossing" (1976), "Una Giornata Particolare" (1977) and "Pret a Porter" (1994). A lot of her movies were produced by her husband.

　Thomas Edison 和 Franklin D Rooservelt 是万能例子 传统创新 challenge the authority ：伽利略 哥白尼 苦难成功 success and adversities ：Abraham Lincoln 海伦凯勒 内在外在 inner and outer motivation ：Mother Teresa 科技负面 science and technology ：car, internet 合作竞争 cooperation and competition: Coca-cola & Pesi 努力运气 happy accident: 青霉素的发现和 X-ray 的发现

　忆 例子一，快乐的记忆 hinder people 。

　Young Werther ，（《少年维特之烦恼》—— 歌德）因为一直留恋和绿蒂的美好回忆而一蹶不振。最后自杀了。

　 也 例子二，悲伤的记忆也 hinder people 。

　哈姆雷特，因为走不出父亲被杀的痛苦阴影和回忆，最终和克劳出 迪斯同归于尽。主要写，如果他能走出 memory 的话，也不会有这样的悲剧了。。。

　Lance Armstrong

　 军 下面是一篇关于七届环法自行车赛冠军 Lance Armstrong， ，这位冠军生平的性格转变，和因此而得到的成功的事。

　曾经的 的 Lance 很顽固，不听任何人的建议—— 后来得了癌症—— 改较 变自己的性格，变得比较 cooperative—— 最后战胜癌症，取得环法冠军。

　 1) 曾经的性格

　 He was stubborn. He didn’t understand the strategy of holding a little energy in reserve.

　 First race: 1990 Amateur World Championship in Japan. The race, held on a very hot day, was 115 miles long with a difficult uphill section. Chris wanted Lance to draft--- to stay behind other riders and save some energy

　for the end of the race. But Lance didn’t listen to his coach. He was overconfident and quickly pedaled to a big lead. The lead grew to almost 90 seconds, but Lance was exhausting himself. He got tired and slowed down. His lead fell to a minute, than to 30 seconds. Soon the peloton had caught him. Lance couldn’t mount a charge at the end. Hed to draft with him. By being selfish, Lance was isolating him.

　 提示：比较粗鲁，自大，不给对手尊重，不和队员合作。

　 2) 得癌症

　 At the age 25, the doctor Reeves said that he suffered testicular cancer. The cancer had spread from his testicle to his lungs.

　 3) 如何转变性格

　 <1> 听医生话做手术

　 Surgery to remove his testicle, three hours, success. Next three months, he need a powerful chemotherapy,, a kind of cancer treatment that can be very hard on the patient.

　<2> 同医生交流

　 Lance talked to his doctors about his treatment and hoped that they could use drugs that wouldn’t’t destroy his muscles or hurt his chance of returning to cycling someday.

　 4) 结果—— 成功

　 Finally, the whole therapy was over. The early tests were promising. After deep thought, he decided to start training again. He wanted to return for the 1998 season.

　 More than that, he became the championship in Tour-de-France for the next seven years.

　马克·扎克伯格

　扎克伯格（英文名：Mark Zuckerberg ）生于 1984 年 年 5 月 月 14日，在美国 纽约州 长大。作为牙医和心理医 生的儿子，扎克伯格从小就受到了良好的教育，从小就是个电脑神童。10 岁的时候他得到了第一台电脑，从此将大把的时间都花在了上面。高中款 时，他为学校设计了一款 MP3 播放机。之后，很多业内公司都向他抛来了橄榄枝，包括 微软 公司。但是扎克伯格却拒绝了年薪95 万美元的工作机会，而选择去哈佛大学上学。在哈佛，主修心理学的他仍然痴迷电脑。

　在上哈佛的第二年，他侵入了学校的一个数据库，将学生的照片拿来用在自己设计的网站上，供同

　班同学评估彼此的吸引力。

　[1]

　黑客 事件之后不久，Zuckerberg 就和两位室友一起，用了一星期时间写网站程序，建立了一个为哈佛同学提供互相联系平台的网站，命名为 theFacebook 。

　the Facebook 在 在 2004 年 年2 月推出，即横扫整个哈佛校园。2004 年年底，Facebook 的 的注册人数已突破一百万，Zuckerberg 干脆从哈佛退学，全职营运网站。

　 Facebook 软 是美国第一大社交网站，微软 2.4 亿美元赢得Facebook1.6% 股份收购权。

　 2011 年，有 共有 413 人列入福布斯榜，比去年多了 10 人。Facebook 的 的 CEO 扎克伯格，资产大涨 238% ，以 135 亿美元至 资产排名窜升至 52 位。2010 年，《福布斯》将他评选为世界上产 最年轻的亿万富翁，净资产 40 亿美元。20 岁的扎克伯格虽然考。

　入了知名的哈佛大学，但却是该学校计算机和心理学系的辍学生。

　 2004 年，他在哈佛的大学宿舍创办了 Facebook 。短短数年，这一网站迅速风靡全世界，如今，它已成为世界上最重要的社交网站之一，就连美国总统奥巴马、英国女王伊丽莎白二世等了 政界要人都成了 Facebook 的用户。

　 媒体称，Facebook 的市值已高达 1800 亿美元，扎克伯格本人也因这一成功创业，成为世界上最年轻的亿万富翁，同时也是最积极从事慈善事业的美国富豪之一。

　扎克伯格曾表示：― 一些人等到事业晚期才回馈( 社会) 。可现在就有那么多事情需要做，为何要等待？我们中一些人很可能在人生早期回馈社会，见证我们慈善努力的影响。‖

　 年 去年 9 月 月 23 日，扎克伯格宣布捐赠 1 亿美元，赞助新泽西。

　州纽瓦克市修缮学校。这次捐赠创下美国青年人慈善捐款纪录。

　外界一提到扎克伯格时，总是将其同微软创始人比尔· 盖茨做比较，因为他们都是从哈佛大学辍学的― 坏学生‖ ，都是白手起家，在互联网上创业，从而影响全世界

　Steve Jobs is the CEO of Apple ， which he co- - founded in 1976. Apple is leading the consumer technology world with its revolutionary iPhone and App Store ， its family of iPod media players and iTunes media sto re ， and its Mac computers and iLife and iWork application suites. Apple recently introduced the iPad ， a breakthrough Internet and digital media device ， plus the iBookstore ， alongside iTunes and the App Store. Steve also co- - founded and was the CEO of Pixar Anim ation Studios ， which created some of the most successful and beloved animated films of all time including Toy Story ， ， A Bug"s Life， ， Monsters， ， Inc.， ， Finding

　Nemo ， The Incredibles ， Cars and Ratatouille. Pixar merged with The Walt Disney Company in 2006 and Steve n ow serves on Disney"s board of directors. Steve grew up in the apricot orchards which later became known as Silicon Valley ， and still lives there with his family.

　“苹果”电脑创始人斯蒂夫。乔布斯英文名：

　Steve Paul Jobs “苹果”电脑的创始人，5 1985 年获得了由里根总统授予的国家级技术勋章；7 1997 年成为《时代周刊》的封面人物；同年被评 为最成功的管理者，是声名显赫的“计算机狂人”。

　1976 Wo Zini Ike

　朋友 Bill Gates

　Eric Schmidt

　企业类型：计算机业。

　成长记录：他是一个美国式的英雄，几经起伏，但依然屹立不倒，就像海明威在《老人与海》中说到的，一个人可以被毁灭，但不能被打倒。他创造了“苹果”，掀起了个人电脑的风潮，改变了一个时代，但却在最顶峰的时候被封

　杀，从高楼落到谷底，但是 2 12 年后，他又卷土重来，重新开始第二个" " 斯蒂夫．乔布斯" " 时代。

　公司经历 7 1977 年 年 1 月，苹果公司正式注册成立。

　0 1980 年 年 2 12 月 月 2 12 日，股票在华尔街上市。

　3 1983 年，乔布斯着力研究新个人电脑。

　4 1984 年，第一台 Mac 机面市 5 1985 年，被 Sculley 扫地出门创办 NeXT 1986 年，乔布斯收购 9 Pixar 1989 年，T NeXT 公司失败 3 1993 年，乔布斯关闭 T NeXT 的硬件部分；

　5 1995 年《玩具总动员》播放一举成名。

　6 1996 年，苹果收购 T NeXT 乔布斯担任顾问 7 1997 年，乔布斯再次成为苹果 CEO

　8 1998 年，c iMac 成为美国最畅销个人电脑 脑 9 1999 年，苹果推出 iBook 、4 G4 和 和 iMacDV

　0 2000 年，苹果公司再次出现季度亏损，分额下降，股价大跌 1 2001 年，平面式的 c iMac 推出，取代已问世三年的 iMac.

　2010 年 年 1 月 月 27 日，在美国 旧金山 欧巴布也那艺术中心（芳草地艺术中心）所举行的 苹果公司 发布会上，传闻已久的 平板电脑——iPad 由首席执行官 史蒂夫· 乔布斯。

　亲自发布。iPad 定位介于机 苹果的智能手机 iPhone 和笔记本电脑产品之间，通体只有四个与 按键，与 iPhone 布局一样，提供浏览 互联网 、收发 电子邮件 、观看电子书、播放音频或视频等功能。2011 年 年 3 月 月 3 日，iPad 2 发布当日，iPad 1 官方价格就应声而落，最高降幅达 29%。

　。2011 年 年 9 月 月 22 日， 苹果 中国方面正式宣布，3G 版的 iPad 2为 本周正式上市，根据容量的不同报价分别为 4688 元、5488 元 元和 和 6288 元。

　 Bill Gates is the head of the software company Microsoft and one of the world"s wealthiest men. Gates and Paul Allen founded Microsoft in the 1970s, though Allen left the company in 1983. Gates oversaw the invention and marketing of the MS-DOS operating system, the Windows operating interface, the Internet Explorer browser, and a multitude of other popular computer products. Along the way he gained a reputation for fierce competitiveness and aggressive business savvy. During the 1990s rising Microsoft stock prices made Gates the world"s wealthiest man; his wealth has at times exceeded $75 billion, making Gates a popular symbol of the ascendant computer geek of the late 20th century.

　 比尔盖茨的英文简历及介绍

　 Bill Gates is the head of the software company Microsoft and one of the world"s wealthiest men. Gates and Paul Allen founded Microsoft in the 1970s, though Allen left the company in 1983. Gates oversaw the invention and marketing of the MS-DOS operating system, the Windows

　operating interface, the Internet Explorer browser, and a multitude of other popular computer products. Along the way he gained a reputation for fierce competitiveness and aggressive business savvy. During the 1990s rising Microsoft stock prices made Gates the world"s wealthiest man; his wealth has at times exceeded $75 billion, making Gates a popular symbol of the ascendant computer geek of the late 20th century.

　 Extra credit: Gates married Melinda French, a Microsoft employee, on 1 January 1994. The couple have three children: daughters Jennifer Katharine (b. 1996) and Phoebe Adele (b. 2002) and son Rory John (b. 1999)... Gates"s personal chartiable initiative, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, has focused on global health issues, especially on preventing malaria and AIDS in poor countries; in 2005, ABC News reported that he had given away over six billion dollars in the previous five years.

　 中文， 意下如何

　威廉（比尔）H. 盖茨是全球个人计算机软件的领先供应商－微软公司的创始人、前任董事长和 首席执行官,：

　盖茨的资产净值：564 亿美元。

　 于 盖茨出生于 1955 年 年 10 月 月 28 日，他和两个姐妹一起在西雅图长亲 大。他们的父亲 William H.GatesII 是西雅图的一名律师。他们亲 的已故母亲 Mary Gates 曾任中学教师、华盛顿大学的校务委员及 以及 United WayInternational 的女主席。

　 盖茨曾就读于西雅图的公立小学和私立湖滨中学，在那里，他开始了自己个人计算机软件的职业经历，13 岁就开始编写计算机程序 。

　 1973 年，盖茨进入哈佛大学一年级，在那里他与 Steve Ballmer住在同一楼层，后者目前是微软公司总裁。在哈佛期间，盖茨为第一台微型计算机－MITSAltair 开发了 BAS IC 编程语言。BASIC 语言是 John Kemeny 和 和 Thomas Kurtz 于六十年代中在 期在 Dartmouth 学院开发的一种计算机语言。

　 伴 三年级时，盖茨从哈佛退学，全身心投入其与童年伙伴 Paul Allen 一起于 1975 年组建的微软公司。他们深信个人计算机将

　是每一部办公桌面系统以及每一家庭的非常有价值的工具，并为这 这 一信念所指引，开始为个人计算机开发软件。

　 盖茨有关个人计算机的远见和洞察力一直是微软公司和软件业界成功的关键。盖茨积极地参与微软公司的关键管理和战略性决策，并 在新产品的技术开发中发挥着重要的作用。他的相当一部分时间用于会见客户和通过电子邮件与微软公司的全球雇员保持接触。

　 在盖茨的领导下，微软的使命是不断地提高和改进软件技术，并使人们更加轻松、更经济有效而且更有趣味地使用计算机。微软公司 拥有长期的发展战略，这一点可以从本财政年度 26 亿美元的研究与开发投资中得到反映。

　 1995 年，盖茨编写了《未来之路书》，在书中，他认为信息技术将带动社会的进步。该书的作者还包括微软公司首席技术官Na than Myhrvold 以及 PeterRinearson ，它在 《纽约时报》续 的最畅销书排名中连续 7 周位列第一，并在榜上停留了 18 周 之 之久。

　 在 《未来之路》在 20 多个国家出版，仅在中国就售出 40 多万册。

　1996 年，为充分利用 Internet 所带来的新的商机，盖茨对微软

　进行了战略调整，同时，他又全面修订了《未来之路》，在新 版 版本中，他认为交互式网络是人类通讯历史上一个主要里程碑。再版平装本同样荣登最畅销排行榜。盖茨将其稿费收入捐给了一个非盈利 基金，用于支持全世界将计算机与教学相结合的教师。

　 是 除计算机情结之外，盖茨对生物技术也很感兴趣。他是 ICOS 公 公国 司的董事会成员以及英国 Chiroscience 集团及其位于 华盛顿州的全资子公司-ChiroscienceR&D 公司? 前身是DarwinMolecular ）的股东。他还创立 了 了 Corbis 公司，该公司正在开发全球最大的可视化信息资源之一，提供全球公共与私人收藏的艺术和摄影作品的综合性数字文档。

　盖茨还与蜂窝电者 话的先驱者 CraigMcCaw 共同投资了 Teledesic 公司，该公司雄心勃勃地计划发射数百个近地轨道卫星 ，为全世界提供双向宽带电信服务。

　 的 在微软公司上市的 12 年时间里，盖茨已向慈善机构捐献 8 亿 亿 多美元，包括向赠 盖茨图书馆基金会捐赠 2 亿美元，以帮助北美的各大图 书馆更好地利用信息时代带来的各种新技术。1994 年，盖了 茨创立了 William H.Gates 基金会，该基金会赞助了一系列盖茨本人及其家庭感兴趣的活动。盖茨捐献的四个重点领域是：教育、世界公共卫生和人 口问题、非赢利的公众艺术机构以及一个地区性的投资计划-Puget Sound 。

　 茨 盖茨 1994 年 年 1 月 月 1 日与 Melinda French Gates 结婚，他们有子 一个孩子 Jennifer Katharine Gates,1996 年出生。盖茨是一个读书 迷，而且很喜欢打高尔夫和桥牌。

　比尔· 盖茨（Bill Gates ），全名 威廉· 亨利· 盖茨（ （William Henry Gates ，1955 年 年 10 月 月 28 日－），美国微软公司的 董事长 。他与保罗· 艾伦 一起创建了 微软软 公司，曾任微软 CEO 和首席软件设计过 师，并持有公司超过 8% 的普通股，也是公司最大的个人股东。1995 年到 2007 年的《 福布斯 》全球亿万富翁排行榜中，比尔·盖 盖续 茨连续 13 年蝉联 世界首富。

　。2008 年 年 6 月 月 27 日正式退出微软公把 司，并把 580 亿美元个人财产尽数捐到 比尔与美琳达· 盖茨基金会 会 。2011 年 年 9 月，《福布斯》美国富豪榜发布，盖茨以 590 亿 亿美元居首。

　·2005 队 年与其妻美琳达以及摇滚乐队 U2 主唱波诺(Bono)共同获选为时代年度风云人物，以表他们在慈善事业之贡献。

　 ·2006 年 年 11 月 月 15 日，获得 2006 年度詹姆斯· 摩根国际慈善家大奖。

　 ·2006 年《 金融时报 》第二届富豪榜第一名。

　 ·2007 年 年 6 月 月 7 日，即离开哈佛 30 年后，接受哈佛大学颁授荣誉法律学士学位，并被授予法律博士的荣誉学位 [1] 。

　。

　 ·2007 年 年 4 月 月 19 日，被授予清华大学名誉博士学位，成为

　第 清华大学第 13 位名誉博士。

　比尔盖茨

　·2007 年 年 4 月 月 20 日，被授予北京大学名誉校董和光华管理学院的名誉委员。2011 美国富豪榜

　 2011 年 年 9 月 月 22 日，《福布斯》杂志网站发布了―2011 美国400 富豪榜‖ ，比尔· 盖茨的财富高达590 亿美元，位居首富位置。Facebook CEO 马克· 扎克伯格位居14 名，财富为175 亿美元，了 比去年增长了 106 亿美元，扎克伯格是前 20 名富豪中财富增长最高的一位。

　 盖茨生活照(13 张) 了 盖茨的财富比去年增长了 50 亿美元，是中国大陆地区首富三一集团董事长梁稳根(93 亿美元) 和第二富豪、百度 CEO 李彦宏(92 亿美元) 的六倍多

　 中英对照

　本杰明· 富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin ）(1706—1790 年)是 是 18世纪美国的实业家、科学家、社会活动家、思想家和外交家。

　 他是美国历史上第一位享有国声誉的科学家和发明家和音乐家。为了对电进行探索曾经作过著名的― 风筝实验‖ ，在电学上成就显著，为了深入探讨电运动的规律，创造的许多专用名词如正电、负电、导电体、电池、充电、放电等成为世界通用的词汇。他借用了数学上正负的概念，第一个科学地用正电、负电概念表示电荷性质。并提出了电荷不能创生、也不能消灭的思想，后人在此基础上发现了电荷 守恒定律。他最先提出了避雷针的设想，由此而制造的避雷针，避免了雷击灾难，破除了迷信。他是一位优秀的政治家，是美国独立战争的老战士。他参加起草了《独立宣言》和美国宪法，积极主张废除奴隶制度，深受美国人民的崇敬。他是美国第一位驻外大使( 法国),。

　所以在世界上也享有较高的声誉。

　 Benjamin Franklin (Benjamin Franklin) (1706-1790) was the United States in the 18th century industrialist, scientists, social activists, thinkers and diplomats.

　 He is the first country to enjoy the reputation o...

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